Cost Worksheet Calculations

The cost worksheet and its many columns can seem overwhelming, but this article will group them together into manageable groups. US English terms are used with UK English in (brackets).

Tip!

Creating views with columns grouped together can help you quickly find what you need.

Budgets and Upstream Contracts

Baseline Budget (Original Budget) is defined by importing data or manually entered on a control element. This should be locked once the baseline budget is established. Learn how in project settings.

Approved Budget Changes are from budget changes and/or change events. The most accurate calculation, taking into account all the different settings, is Approved Budget – Baseline Budget since it isn’t necessarily a sum of changes. When you manually edit the Approved Budget, the Approved Budget Changes is calculated as the Approved Budget – Baseline Budget. There may be budget changes, change event items, and/or manual edits to the Approved Budget value.

  • Budget changes is the sum of budget change amounts when the status assigned to the parent budget change has been defined as “apply". Exclusive use of change management must be enabled in project settings for this to appear under change management. It is recommended that change events are utilized for cost. Hours and quantity are currently not supported in change events, and budget changes must be utilized. See project settings for more detail.
  • Change events is the sum of budget change amounts from all change event items without an upstream contract defined and with a status of “approved”.
  • A restriction applies where it is not allowed to have a single change event item that modifies an upstream contract that also modifies the approved budget. This is so you can have upstream contract changes that don’t always affect the approved budget. 

Approved Budget Transfers is the sum of budget transfer amounts from all change event items with a status of “approved”.

Approved Upstream Contracts is the sum of the approved contract amounts from upstream contract pay items.

Approved Budget (Current Budget) is initially defined by importing, or manually entered on a control element when the baseline budget is established. It is recommended to use change management exclusively setting in project settings and have the approved budget calculated by the system. The approved budget can be calculated in two ways, depending on the Approved Budget Method selected for the control account or control element.

  • AB1 – Use the baseline budget to calculate approved budget based on the calculation Approved Budget = Baseline Budget + Approved Budget Changes + Approved Budget Transfers
  • AB2 – Use upstream contracts to determine Approved Budget using the calculation Approved Budget = Approved Budget Changes + Approved Budget Transfers + Approved Upstream Contracts + Approved Upstream Contract Changes + Proceed Upstream Contracts + Proceed Upstream Contract Changes

Approved Upstream Contract Change Events is the sum of change event item amounts when the change event items have an upstream contract impacted, a status of “approved” and are not linked to a contract change.

  • Items for approved upstream contract change events will not update the approved budget unless budget method AB2 is selected, and the change event item modifies an upstream contract.

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    Approved upstream contract changes will not affect the approved budget value if you have a single change event item that only modifies an upstream contract.

Pending Budget is the approved budget plus budget changes that are pending approval. Once pending budget changes are approved, they become part of the approved budget. Pending budget is calculated as Approved Budget + Approved Upstream Contract Change Events + Pending Upstream Contracts + Pending Upstream Contract Changes

Potential Budget Changes are from budget changes and change events.

  • Budget Changes is the sum of budget change amounts when the status assigned to the parent budget change has been defined as “apply to potential". Exclusive use of change management must be enabled in project settings for this to appear under change management. It is recommended that change events are utilized for Cost. Hours and quantity are currently not supported in change events, and budget changes must be utilized.
  • Change Events is the sum of budget change amounts from all change event items with a status of “potential”.

Potential Budget Transfers is the sum of budget transfer amounts from all change event items with a status of “potential”.

Potential Budget is the approved budget plus potential budget changes and potential budget transfers that have been identified in budget changes or change events.

  • Calculation: Approved Budget + Potential Budget Changes + Potential Budget Transfers

Original Upstream Contract is the sum of the original contract amounts from upstream contract pay items with the parent contract has any status.

Current Upstream Contracts is calculated by Approved Upstream Contracts + Approved Upstream Contract Changes + Proceed Upstream Contracts + Proceed Upstream Contract Changes

Control Budget (Alternate Budget) is defined by importing or manually entered on a control element. It is recommended to use change management exclusively setting in project settings after the cost worksheet is established and have the control budget calculated by the system.

  • Used for managing a separate internal budget. The control (alternate) budget is defined as a project cost which is a detailed developed and estimated cost by the project execution team after the project scope of work is fully defined. 
  • Calculation: Manually entered or imported + Control Budget Changes.

Proceed Upstream Contracts is the sum of the original contract amount from upstream contract pay items when the contract has a “proceed” status.

Proceed Upstream Contract Changes is the sum of the change amounts from upstream contract change items when the status of the contract change is “proceed”.

Pending Upstream Contracts is the sum of pending contract amounts from upstream contracts.

Pending Upstream Contract Changes is the sum of change amounts from upstream contract change items when the cost impact of the contract change is “pending” and the status is “preliminary” or “submitted”.

Potential Upstream Contract Change Events is the sum of cost change amounts from Change Event Items that have a contract impacted, a status of “Potential” and are not linked to a Contract Change.

Potential Upstream Contract Changes is the sum of Contract Change Items when the parent Contract Change has a Cost Impact of “Potential”, and the status is “Preliminary” or “Submitted”.

Control Budget Changes (Alternate Budget Changes) is the sum of control budget change amounts when the status assigned to the parent budget change has been defined as “apply". Exclusive use of change management must be enabled in project settings for this feature to appear. It is recommended that change events are utilized for cost. Hours and quantity are currently not supported in change events, and budget changes must be utilized.

  • Like the approved budget, it is not always the sum of control budget changes since you can manually enter a control budget value. It also depends on whether the control budget is linked to the baseline budget. See project settings for more detail.
  • If budget changes is not enabled for the control budget and the link control budget to baseline budget setting is true, then control budget changes equals control budget - baseline budget. See project settings for more detail.

Potential Control Budget Changes is the sum of control budget change amounts when the status assigned to the parent budget change has been defined as “apply to potential". Exclusive use of change management must be enabled in project settings for this to appear under change management. Control Budget changes are currently only supported in the Budget Changes feature.

  • If budget changes is not enabled for the control budget and the link control budget to baseline budget setting is true, then control budget changes equals control budget - baseline budget.

Potential Control Budget is a way to see your control budget with potential control budget change items that have been identified in budget changes.

Forecasting

US English uses estimate to complete (ETC) and estimate at completion (EAC) while UK English uses forecast cost to complete (FCC) and forecast final cost (FFC).

Connected Cost has several different methods available to calculate the estimate to complete (ETC) or estimate at completion (EAC). The default method is set at the control account level but can be overwritten at the control element level.

If an Estimate to Complete (ETC) method is selected, the ETC is calculated according to the method selected and the estimate at completion (EAC) is calculated as All Commitments + Estimate to Complete (ETC).

If an Estimate at Completion (EAC) method is selected, the EAC is calculated according to the method selected and the estimate to complete (ETC) is calculated as Estimate at Completion (EAC) – All Commitments.

  • Typically, the EAC and ETC are initially defined by importing, or manually entered on a control element. It is recommended to use change management exclusively setting in project settings after the cost worksheet is established.
  • It is recommended that change events are utilized for cost. Hours and quantity are currently not supported in change events, and budget changes must be utilized.
  • Forecast Method options may vary depending on the selected percent complete method.
  • The ETC 1 and EAC 1 methods are “hybrid” methods where a value can be manually entered and then the system will automatically adjust it from that point forward based on commitments entered after the value is entered.
  • Certain forecasting methods use an ETC Efficiency Method. The default can be assigned at control account level but can be overwritten at the control element level. A system generated value can be calculated based on CPI and SPI; however, if a user defined efficiency factor is selected, the ETC efficiency factor field will become a manual entry.

Variance Columns are useful ways to compare your forecast (EAC or FFC).

  • At Completion Variance is calculated by approved budget - estimate at completion.
  • Previous EAC (Previous FFC) is populated when the period is closed. The EAC is copied by the system into the previous EAC field.
  • EAC Variance (FFC Variance) is calculated by previous EAC - estimate at completion.

Potential ETC Changes (Potential FCC Changes) is calculated using Budget ETC Changes with status of “Apply to Potential” + ETC Changes from Change Event Items with a status of Potential.

Potential EAC (FFC) is the estimate at completion (forecast cost to complete) with potential cost change items that have been identified in contract changes or change events.

  • Calculation: Estimate at Completion (Forecast Cost to Complete) + Potential ETC (FCC) Changes + Potential Downstream Change Events + Potential Downstream Contract Changes.

Tip!

Potential Statuses in Change Management are a powerful way to see the impact on budgets and estimate at completion.

Commitments and Downstream Contracts

Below is the hierarchy of how the All Commitments column is calculated and defines each component which is available as a separate column.

Original Downstream Contract is the sum of original contract amounts from downstream contract pay items when the parent contract has any status.

  • All Commitments calculated as Current Commitments + Pending Downstream Contract Commitments.
  1. Current Commitments is calculated as Current Downstream Contracts + Direct Actuals To Date
    1. Current Downstream Contracts
      • Approved Downstream Contracts is the sum of the approved contract amounts from downstream contract pay items.
      • Approved Downstream Contract Changes is the sum of change amounts from downstream contract change items when the status of the contract change is “approved”.
      • Proceed Downstream Contracts is the sum of original contract amounts from downstream contract pay items when the contract has a “proceed” status.
      • Proceed Downstream Contract Changes is the sum of change amounts from contract change items when the downstream contract change has a “proceed” status.
    2. Direct Actuals to Date is the sum of actual amounts from direct actuals for all previous reporting periods and the current reporting period. There are two additional columns that breakdown direct actuals into current period and previous periods.
  2. Pending Downstream Contract Commitments
    • Pending Downstream Contracts is the sum of original contract amounts from downstream contract pay items when the parent contract has a “pending” status.
    • Pending Downstream Contract Changes is the sum of change amounts from downstream contract change items when the cost impact of the contract change is “pending” and the status is “preliminary” or “submitted”.
    • Approved Downstream Contract Change Events is the sum of change event item amounts when the change event items have a downstream contract impacted, a status of “approved” and are not linked to a contract change.

Potential Downstream Contract Changes is the sum of Contract Change Items when the parent Contract Change has a Cost Impact of “Potential”, and the status is “Preliminary” or “Submitted”.

Potential Downstream Contract Change Events is the sum of cost change amounts from Change Event Items that have a downstream contract impacted, a status of “Potential” and are not linked to a Contract Change.

Tip!

Combining Commitment Columns with Potential Columns can show a holistic view of current and potential changes. Also, be sure to read articles related to Contract, Change Events, and Contract Change statuses.

Cost Actuals and Remaining to Spend

Direct Actuals Previous Periods is the sum of direct actuals from previous reporting periods.

Direct Actuals Current Period is actual amounts from direct actuals for the current reporting period.

Accrued Period is accrued amounts from direct actuals for the current period.

Accrued to Date is the sum of accrued amounts from all direct actuals. When the current reporting period is closed, the system will automatically create a corresponding reversing accrual entry.

Incurred Period is the sum of all actuals current period and accrued period.

Incurred to Date is calculated by all cost actuals to date + accrued to date.

  • Pending Downstream Contract Actuals is the sum of requested amounts from payment application items when the parent payment application has a “submitted” status. Note that amounts from “draft” payment applications are excluded.
  • Approved Downstream Contract Actuals is the sum of accepted amounts from payment application items when the status of the payment application has a “approved” status. Note that amounts from “draft” payment applications are excluded.
  • All Cost Actuals Current Period is the sum of direct actuals current period and downstream contract actuals current period.
  • All Cost Actuals Previous Period is the sum of direct actuals previous periods and downstream contract actuals previous periods.
  • All Cost Actuals to Date is the sum of direct actuals, pending downstream contract actuals and approved downstream contract actuals.

Remaining to Spend is calculated by estimate at completion – all cost actuals to date.

Percent Spent is calculated by all actuals to date / estimate at completion.

Percent Downstream Invoiced is calculated by (pending downstream contract actuals + approved downstream contract actuals) / current downstream contract.

Upstream Contract Actuals and Remaining to Receive

  • Approved Upstream Contract Actuals is the sum of accepted amounts from upstream payment application items when the status of the upstream payment application has a “approved” status. Note that amounts from “draft” payment applications are excluded.
  • Pending Upstream Contract Actuals is the sum of requested amounts from upstream payment application items when the parent upstream payment application has a “submitted” status. Note that amounts from “draft” payment applications are excluded.
  • All Upstream Contract Actuals Previous Periods is all upstream contract actuals from all reporting periods prior to the current reporting period.
  • All Upstream Contract Actuals Current Period is all upstream contract actuals from the current reporting period.
  • All Upstream Contract Actuals to Date is the sum of pending upstream contract actuals and approved upstream contract actuals.
  • Remaining to Receive is calculated by approved budget – all upstream contract actuals to date.
  • Percent Received is calculated by all upstream contract actuals to date / approved budget.
  • Percent Upstream Invoiced is calculated by (pending upstream contract actuals + approved upstream contract actuals) / current upstream contract amount.

Time Phased Data

The time phased data is used to distribute each control account's cost, hours, and quantity values, found in the control accounts/control elements tab, across the  schedule dates assigned to each control account. Control element data spread is based on the working days in each reporting period and the distribution curves assigned to each control element. The baseline budget, approved budget, control budget, and remaining to spend each have separate sets of schedule dates and a distribution curve.

By default, the baseline budget, approved budget, and control budget are distributed from the current reporting period forward using the schedule dates. You can choose to distribute these budgets starting at an earlier reporting period in the spread time phased data utility. This is usually done when changes to the baseline are entered later than when they were approved.

The remaining to spend for the current period is calculated based on the current data and the remainder is distributed  across future reporting periods using the current early dates. The earned value is calculated for the past and current periods only using percent complete data and is not distributed throughout the future reporting periods.

If a project is using budget changes with start / finish dates and distribution curves assigned to the budget change, change amounts will be distributed using the dates and curve defined for the change record. Change Events will remain in Unassigned in this configuration.

  • For most time phased data calculations, the earliest associated early start date and latest early finish date then spread the budget or forecast.
  • Late approved budget and late approved budget changes will use the earliest late start and latest late finish dates.
  • Schedule dates can be manually entered on the cost worksheet or defined using schedule activities which are then linked to control accounts.
  • Distribution curves are defined in cost administration at the organization and/or project level.
  • Baseline (original), approved (current), control (alternate) dates and curves are used for their corresponding budgets. Current (forecast) dates are used with the estimate to complete (forecast cost to complete) curve to spread remaining to spend.

Tip!

Schedule data can be imported via an Oracle P6 EPPM or Oracle Primavera Cloud integration that is built into Aconex Connected Cost.

Earned Value

Earned value management is an advanced feature of Aconex Connected Cost that assumes a level of familiarity with the discipline. Connected Cost implements industry standard EVM methodologies such as the EVM Gold Card. The basis of earned value management is the percent complete value on each control account and you have control over how the calculation is performed.

See the calculating and updating forecasts page for detail about the percent complete methods and compatible forecast methods.

Percent Complete Method controls how the percent complete is calculated for a control account.

  • Current Percent Complete displays the calculated value or allows for manual entry if that is the method selected.
  • Previous Percent Complete is populated when the period is closed. The current percent complete is automatically copied into the previous percent complete field.

Earned to Date is calculated as approved budget x current percent complete.

Earned Period is calculated as earned to date - earned previous periods.

Approved Budget to Date/Period (Current Budget To Date/Period) are columns providing information from time phased data. These are used to display the planned value to date or for the current period.

Cost Performance Index to Date/Period are columns calculated as earned value/all actuals to date or for the current period.

Schedule Performance Index to Date/Period are columns calculated as earned value/approved (current) budget to date or for the current period.

To Complete Performance Index (TCPI) BAC is the efficiency that must be maintained to complete the project at the current approved (current) budget. The TCPI calculation involves several other calculated values.

  • Calculation (US): (Approved Budget - Earned to Date) / (Approved Budget - All Actuals to Date)
  • Calculation (AU/UK): (Current Budget - Earned to Date) / (Current Budget - All Actuals to Date)

To Complete Performance Index EAC (FFC) is the efficiency that must be maintained to complete the project at the current estimate at completion value.

  • Calculation (US): (Approved Budget - Earned to Date) / (Estimate at Completion - All Actuals to Date)

Calculation (AU/UK): (Current Budget - Earned to Date) / (Final Forecast Cost - All Actuals to Date)

Percent Complete Methods

Not all of the percent complete and forecast methods can be used together, see Compatible Forecast and Percent methods for more information.

The list below shows all available percent complete methods in Cost. The percent complete method controls how  progress is calculated on each control account.

The default percent complete method can be set in organization and project settings, these defaults apply to new projects and new control accounts respectively. Changing the default values in settings does not update any existing control accounts.

Manual Methods

  • MAN: Manual is calculated by manual entry percent complete.

Cost Based Calculations

  • CAE: Actual to Date Cost is calculated by actuals to date cost / estimate at completion cost.
  • CCB: Control Budget Cost is calculated by control budget to date cost / total control budget cost. This percent complete method requires time phasing of cost data.
  • CEB: Early Approved Budget Cost is calculated by approved budget to date cost / total approved budget cost. This percent complete method requires time phasing of cost data.
  • CLB: Late Approved Budget Cost is calculated by late approved budget to date cost / total late approved budget cost. This percent complete method requires time phasing of cost data.

Quantity Based Calculations

  • QAE: Actual to Date Quantity is calculated by actual to date (Q) / estimate at completion (Q). If there are multiple quantity Control Elements assigned to the Control Account, then you will define a contribution weight for each quantity element.
  • QCB: Control Budget Quantity is calculated by control budget to date (Q) / total control budget (Q). If there are multiple quantity Control Elements assigned to the Control Account, then you will define a contribution weight for each quantity element. Requires time phasing of quantity data.
  • QEB: Early Approved Budget Quantity is calculated by early approved budget to date (Q) / total approved budget (Q). If there are multiple quantity Control Elements assigned to the Control Account, then you will define a contribution weight for each quantity element. Requires time phasing of quantity data.
  • QLB: Late Approved Budget Quantity is calculated by late approved budget to date (Q) / total late approved budget (Q). If there are multiple quantity Control Elements assigned to the Control Account, then you will define a contribution weight for each quantity element. Requires time phasing of quantity data.

Hours Based Calculations

  • HAE: Actual to Date Hours is calculated by actual to date (H) / estimate at completion (H).
  • HCB: Control Budget Hours is calculated by control budget to date (H) / total control budget (H). Control budget to date requires time phasing of hours data.
  • HEB: Early Approved Budget Hours is calculated by approved budget to date (H) / total approved budget (H). Early approved budget to date requires time phasing of hours data.
  • HLB: Late Approved Budget Hours is calculated by late approved budget to date (H) / total late approved budget (H). Late approved budget to date requires time phasing of hours data.

Linked Calculations

  • ROC: Rules of Credit is calculated by composite rules of credit percent complete. Percent complete is documented for each rule assigned to the Control Account. If there are multiple rules assigned to the Control Account, then you will define a contribution weight for each rule.
  • SCH: Schedule Activities is calculated by composite schedule activities percent complete. Percent complete is documented for each Schedule Activity assigned to the Control Account. If there are multiple Schedule Activities assigned to the Control Account, then you will define a contribution weight for each activity.

100% Complete Calculations

    • CLS: Closed is calculated by 100% complete and closed.
    • FIN: Finished is calculated by 100% complete.
    • TCF: Schedule Finish is calculated by 100% at current schedule finish. Requires schedule dates to be defined for the Control Account(s).
    • TCS: Schedule Start is calculated by 100% at current schedule start. Requires schedule dates to be defined for the Control Account(s).

Forecast Methods

Not all of the percent complete and forecast methods can be used together, see Compatible Forecast and Percent methods for more information.

The list below shows all available forecast methods in Cost. The forecast method controls how either the estimate to complete or estimate at completion is calculated.

The method can be set at the control account or control element level, note that changing the method for the control account updates all control elements to be the same.

  • ETC 1 (FCC 1) is calculated by ETC = user control value + (automated system adjustments)
  • ETC 2 (FCC 2) is calculated by ETC = efficiency factor x (approved budget – earned value)
  • ETC 3 (FCC 3) is calculated by ETC = approved budget – all commitments
  • ETC 4 (FCC 4) is calculated by ETC = manually entered value
  • EAC 1 (FFC 1) is calculated by EAC = user control value + (automated system adjustments)
  • EAC 2 (FFC 2) is calculated by EAC = approved budget / CPI
  • EAC 3 (FFC 3) is calculated by EAC = all actuals + (approved budget – earned to date)
  • EAC 4 (FFC 4) is calculated by EAC = all actuals + (approved budget – earned to date) / (CPI x SPI)
  • EAC 5 (FFC 5) is calculated by EAC = manually entered value

Automated system adjustments describe built-in calculations that will automatically adjust the estimate to complete (ETC) or estimate at completion (EAC) when commitments and upstream contracts are entered and/or approved. Direct actuals and downstream contracts and contract changes are examples of commitments. Commitments generally reduce the ETC, while upstream contracts will increase the ETC.

The automated system adjustments will never reduce the ETC below 0 when commitments are entered. Once ETC has reached 0, any further commitments will always increase the EAC (known as the floor rule).

Fully calculated methods such as ETC 3, EAC 3, and EAC 4 may result in negative results.

ETC 1, ETC 4, and EAC 5 which allow user controlled value and manually entered value allow directly editing the ETC or EAC on the cost worksheet unless budgets and forecasts have been locked, see Locking your project budgets in Cost.